Arthur Balfour Politician

• Gender: Male
• Citizenship: United Kingdom
• Born: Jul 25, 1848
• Died: Mar 19, 1930

Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour, KG, OM, PC, DL was a British Conservative politician who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from July 1902 to December 1905. When he came into his inheritance at 21, Balfour became one of the wealthiest young men in Britain. He rose to prominence by suppressing agrarian unrest in Ireland through punitive action combined with measures against absentee landlords. In July 1902 he succeeded his uncle, Lord Salisbury as Prime Minister and leader of a Conservative Party that had won two successive landslide majorities, but suffered by virtue of public antipathy to the Boer war. Boer farms on the veldt supplying the guerrillas had been countered by British use of black South Africans as armed scouts, and many were reluctant to go back to mine work at the war's end. Balfour authorised the importation of Chinese labour under conditions that were criticised as slavery.

Balfour was seen as an ambivalent personality and a weak Prime Minister. His embrace of the imperial preference championed by Joseph Chamberlain was nuanced, but brought resignations and the end of his spell as party leader.